Debian解决开机启动问题

Debian 10 解决 /etc/rc.local 开机启动问题

由于某些软件没有开机自动启动的服务，很多时候需要手工添加，一般我们都是推荐添加命令到 /etc/rc.local 文件，但是 Debian 10 默认不带 /etc/rc.local 文件，而 rc.local 服务却还是自带的.

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查看服务配置文件

[root@debian /root]#  cat /lib/systemd/system/rc.local.service
#   SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+
# 
#   This file is part of systemd.
# 
#   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
#   under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
#   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
#   (at your option) any later version.

#  This unit gets pulled automatically into multi-user.target by
#  systemd-rc-local-generator if /etc/rc.local is executable.
[Unit]
Description=/etc/rc.local Compatibility
Documentation=man:systemd-rc-local-generator(8)
ConditionFileIsExecutable=/etc/rc.local
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/rc.local start
TimeoutSec=0
RemainAfterExit=yes
GuessMainPID=no

查看服务状态

默认情况下这个服务还是关闭的状态

[root@debian /root]#  systemctl status rc-local
● rc-local.service - /etc/rc.local Compatibility
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service; static; vendor preset: enabled)
  Drop-In: /usr/lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service.d
           └─debian.conf
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:systemd-rc-local-generator(8)

增加配置文件

为了解决这个问题，我们需要手工添加一个 /etc/rc.local 文件

[root@debian /root]#  cat <<EOF >/etc/rc.local
# !/bin/sh -e
# 
#  rc.local
# 
#  This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
#  Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
#  value on error.
# 
#  In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
#  bits.
# 
#  By default this script does nothing.

exit 0
EOF

赋予配置文件权限

[root@debian /root]#  chmod +x /etc/rc.local

启动 rc-local 服务

[root@debian /root]#  systemctl start rc-local

查看服务状态

[root@debian /root]#  systemctl status rc-local
● rc-local.service - /etc/rc.local Compatibility
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service; static; vendor preset: enabled)
  Drop-In: /usr/lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service.d
           └─debian.conf
   Active: active (exited) since Tue 2020-03-17 10:04:27 CST; 9s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-rc-local-generator(8)
  Process: 18500 ExecStart=/etc/rc.local start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

3月 17 10:04:27 debian systemd[1]: Starting /etc/rc.local Compatibility...
3月 17 10:04:27 debian systemd[1]: Started /etc/rc.local Compatibility.

现在你可以把需要开机启动的命令添加到 /etc/rc.local 文件，丢在 exit 0 前面即可，并尝试重启以后试试是否生效。

Ubuntu16.04 rc.local不生效，启动过程中报“Failed to start /etc/rc.local Compatibility”错误

使用Ubuntu16.04时，发现有时候启动脚本/etc/rc.local中的命令不生效，随即发现在这种情况下系统启动时会打印 Failed to start /etc/rc.local Compatibility 错误。

搜索了下，找到适合我的解决办法是将文件中第一行：

修改成 #!/bin/bash 就可以了。
原因可能是用户使用的shell和rc.local文件指定的执行shell不一致。
记录下，以免以后忘记。

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