golang常用的http请求操作
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之前用python写各种网络请求的时候写的非常顺手，但是当打算用golang写的时候才发现相对来说还是python的那种方式用的更加顺手，习惯golang的用法之后也就差别不大了，下面主要整理了常用的通过golang发起的GET请求以及POST请求的代码例子
golang发起GET请求
基本的GET请求
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package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
resp, err := http.Get("http://httpbin.org/get")
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
return
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
fmt.Println(resp.StatusCode)
if resp.StatusCode == 200 {
fmt.Println("ok")
}
}
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带参数的Get请求
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| package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
)
func main(){
resp, err := http.Get("http://httpbin.org/get?name=zhaofan&age=23")
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
return
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
}
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但是如果我们想要把一些参数做成变量而不是直接放到url中怎么操作，代码例子如下：
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| package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"net/url"
)
func main(){
params := url.Values{}
Url, err := url.Parse("http://httpbin.org/get")
if err != nil {
return
}
params.Set("name","zhaofan")
params.Set("age","23")
Url.RawQuery = params.Encode()
urlPath := Url.String()
fmt.Println(urlPath)
resp,err := http.Get(urlPath)
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
}
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解析JSON类型的返回结果
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| package main
import (
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
)
type result struct {
Args string `json:"args"`
Headers map[string]string `json:"headers"`
Origin string `json:"origin"`
Url string `json:"url"`
}
func main() {
resp, err := http.Get("http://httpbin.org/get")
if err != nil {
return
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
var res result
_ = json.Unmarshal(body,&res)
fmt.Printf("%#v", res)
}
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GET请求添加请求头
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| package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
client := &http.Client{}
req,_ := http.NewRequest("GET","http://httpbin.org/get",nil)
req.Header.Add("name","zhaofan")
req.Header.Add("age","3")
resp,_ := client.Do(req)
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Printf(string(body))
}
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从上述的结果可以看出我们设置的头是成功了：
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| {
"args": {},
"headers": {
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip",
"Age": "3",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"Name": "zhaofan",
"User-Agent": "Go-http-client/1.1"
},
"origin": "211.138.20.170, 211.138.20.170",
"url": "https://httpbin.org/get"
}
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golang 发起POST请求
基本的POST使用
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| package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"net/url"
)
func main() {
urlValues := url.Values{}
urlValues.Add("name","zhaofan")
urlValues.Add("age","22")
resp, _ := http.PostForm("http://httpbin.org/post",urlValues)
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
}
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结果如下：
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| {
"args": {},
"data": "",
"files": {},
"form": {
"age": "22",
"name": "zhaofan"
},
"headers": {
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip",
"Content-Length": "19",
"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "Go-http-client/1.1"
},
"json": null,
"origin": "211.138.20.170, 211.138.20.170",
"url": "https://httpbin.org/post"
}
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另外一种方式
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| package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"net/url"
"strings"
)
func main() {
urlValues := url.Values{
"name":{"zhaofan"},
"age":{"23"},
}
reqBody:= urlValues.Encode()
resp, _ := http.Post("http://httpbin.org/post", "text/html",strings.NewReader(reqBody))
body,_:= ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
}
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结果如下：
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| {
"args": {},
"data": "age=23&name=zhaofan",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip",
"Content-Length": "19",
"Content-Type": "text/html",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "Go-http-client/1.1"
},
"json": null,
"origin": "211.138.20.170, 211.138.20.170",
"url": "https://httpbin.org/post"
}
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发送JSON数据的post请求
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| package main
import (
"bytes"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
client := &http.Client{}
data := make(map[string]interface{})
data["name"] = "zhaofan"
data["age"] = "23"
bytesData, _ := json.Marshal(data)
req, _ := http.NewRequest("POST","http://httpbin.org/post",bytes.NewReader(bytesData))
resp, _ := client.Do(req)
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
}
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结果如下：
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| {
"args": {},
"data": "{\"age\":\"23\",\"name\":\"zhaofan\"}",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip",
"Content-Length": "29",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "Go-http-client/1.1"
},
"json": {
"age": "23",
"name": "zhaofan"
},
"origin": "211.138.20.170, 211.138.20.170",
"url": "https://httpbin.org/post"
}
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不用client的post请求
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| package main
import (
"bytes"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
data := make(map[string]interface{})
data["name"] = "zhaofan"
data["age"] = "23"
bytesData, _ := json.Marshal(data)
resp, _ := http.Post("http://httpbin.org/post","application/json", bytes.NewReader(bytesData))
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
}
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